Oropharyngeal Cancer treatment and surgery India offers information onOropharyngeal Cancer Doctor India,Oropharyngeal Cancer treatment and surgery Hospital India,Oropharyngeal Cancer treatment and surgery Abroad,Oropharyngeal Cancer causes, symptoms, Risk factors, treatment and surgery.


What is the oropharynx?

The oropharynx is the middle part of the pharynx (throat). The pharynx is a hollow tube that begins behind the nose and goes down to the neck, becoming part of the tube that extends into the stomach (esophagus). The oropharynx includes the base of the tongue, the tonsils, the soft palate (back of the mouth), and the walls of the pharynx.


Oropharyngeal cancer

Oropharyngeal cancer is a disease in which cancer cells are found within the anatomical borders of the oropharynx. The majority of oropharyngeal cancers are squamous cell carcinomas.


Symptoms of oropharyngeal cancer

The following might be signs of oropharyngeal cancer or of other conditions. See a doctor if any of the following symptoms are present:

• A sore throat that persists
• Pain or difficulty with swallowing
• Unexplained weight loss
• Voice changes
• Ear pain
• A lump in the back of the throat or mouth
• A lump in the neck

Risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer

Risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer include the following:

• Use of alcohol
• Use of tobacco
• Being infected with the human papilloma virus (HPV), especially HPV-type-16 (HPV-16)

How is oropharyngeal cancer diagnosed?

A doctor can diagnose oropharyngeal cancer by examining the throat. The doctor will use a mirror and lights to look at the throat and will feel the neck for masses. If the doctor finds abnormal tissue, he or she will obtain a piece of tissue in a procedure called a biopsy. The tissue will be checked for cancer cells.


Stages of oropharyngeal cancer

The stages of oropharyngeal cancer span from Stage 0 to Stage IV.
In Stage 0, cancer is found only in the cells that line the oropharynx. Additional stages are described as follows:

Stage I

The cancer is 2 centimeters or smaller and has not spread outside the oropharynx.

Stage II

The cancer is larger than 2 centimeters, but not larger than 4 centimeters and has not spread outside the oropharynx.

Stage III

In this stage, cancer is larger than 4 centimeters and has not spread outside the oropharynx. An alternate form of this stage is that cancer is any size and has spread to only one lymph node on the same side of the neck as the cancer. The lymph node that contains cancer is 3 centimeters or smaller.

Stage IV

This stage contains the sub-stages of IVA, IVB and IVC.

Stage IVA : In Stage IVA, one of the following is the case:

        The cancer has spread to tissues near the oropharynx, including the voice box, roof of the mouth, jaw, muscle of the tongue, or central muscles of the jaw. The cancer might have spread to one or more nearby lymph nodes, which are still not larger than 6 centimeters.

        The cancer is any size, is only in the oropharynx, and has spread to one lymph node that is larger than 3 centimeters but no larger than 6 centimeters, or to more than one lymph node, none larger than 6 centimeters.

Stage IVB : In Stage IVB, one of the following is true:

        The cancer appears in a lymph node that is larger than 6 centimeters and might have spread to other tissues around the oropharynx.

        The cancer surrounds the main artery in the neck or has spread to bones in the jaw or skull, to muscle in the side of the jaw, or to the upper part of the throat behind the nose. The cancer might have spread to nearby lymph nodes.

Stage IVC : In Stage IVC, the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. The tumor might be any size and might have spread to lymph nodes.


Treatment of oropharyngeal cancer by stage

Stage I

Treatment might be radiation therapy or surgery.

Stage II

Treatment involves surgery to remove the cancer or radiation therapy.

Stage III

Treatment for this stage of oropharyngeal cancer might include surgery to remove the cancer, followed by radiation therapy.

Other treatments might include:

• Radiation therapy alone
• A clinical trial of chemotherapy that is followed by surgery or radiation therapy
• A clinical trial of chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy
• A clinical trial of new ways to provide radiation therapy

Stage IV

For cases in which oropharyngeal cancer can be removed by surgery, treatment might be one of the following:

• Surgery to remove the cancer that is followed by radiation therapy
• Radiation therapy alone
• A clinical trial combining radiation therapy and chemotherapy
• A clinical trial of new ways to provide radiation therapy

For cases in which the cancer cannot be removed by surgery, treatment might include one of the following:

• Radiation therapy
• A clinical trial during which chemotherapy is followed by surgery or radiation therapy
• A clinical trial of radiation therapy given with chemotherapy or radiosensitizers (drugs to make the cancer cells more sensitive to radiation therapy)
• A clinical trial of new ways of giving radiation therapy
• A clinical trial of hyperthermia therapy plus radiation therapy

Prognosis (chance of recovery) for people with oropharyngeal cancers

The prognosis for people with oropharyngeal cancer depends on the age and health of the person and the stage of the disease. It is important for people with oral cancer or oropharyngeal cancer to have follow-up exams for the rest of their lives as cancer can occur in nearby areas. In addition, it is important to eliminate risk factors such as smoking and drinking, which increase the risk for second cancers.

	*Name : *Email : * Phone : * Country : * Your Message * Security Question Select a Country Afghanistan Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antarctica Antigua Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia Botswana Bouvet Island Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Chad Chile China Christmas Island Colombia Comoros Congo Congo Cook Islands Costa Rica Cote D'ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Falkland Islands Faroe Islands Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Gibraltar Greece Greenland Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-bissau Guyana Haiti Heard Island Holy See Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Korea Korea, Republic of Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libyan Jamahiriya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macao Macedonia Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Mexico Micronesia Moldova, Republic of Monaco Mongolia Montserrat Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands Netherlands Antilles New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Niue Norfolk Island Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Pitcairn Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Reunion Romania Rwanda Saint Helena Saint Lucia Saint Vincent Samoa San Marino Saudi Arabia Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South Georgia Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Svalbard Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor-leste Togo Tokelau Tonga Trinidad Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Turks Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Viet Nam Virgin Islands, U.S. Wallis and Futuna Western Sahara Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Select one.. what is 5 +(plus)5 what is 4 +(plus)4 what is 8 +(plus)8
Treatments & Surgeries     Cardiology    |    Cosmetic Surgery    |    Dentistry    |    Eye Surgery    |    Gastroenterology    |    General Surgery    |    IVF, Egg Donor       & Surrogacy    |   Minimally Invasive Surgery    |    Nephrology    |    Neurosurgery    |    Obesity Surgery    |    Oncology    |        Organ Transplantation    |    Orthopedics    |    Pediatrics    |    Spine Surgery    |    Urology And Urosurgery    |    Vasculary Surgery  Menu Items     Home    |    About Us    |    International Patient Services    |    Step By Step Process    |    Travel Guide    |    Tours Of India    |        Be Our Associate    |    FAQ    |    Corporate Health Care Solutions    |    Treatments & Surgeries    |    Corporate Hospitals    |        Speciality Centers    |    Doctors    |    International Accreditations    |    Patient Testimonials    |    Price Comparison    |    Alternative Healing    |          Related Links    |

India Surgery Oropharyngeal Cancer, Cost Oropharyngeal Cancer Treatment, Oropharyngeal Cancer, India Surgery Oncology, India Surgery Cancer, India Surgery Tumor, India Surgery Hypopharynx, India Surgery Pathology, India Surgery Encyclopedia, India Surgery Oropharyngeal Cancer Information, India Surgery Tour, India Surgery Oropharyngeal, India Surgery Cancer Symptoms, India Surgery Medicine, India Surgery Oral, India Surgery Oropharynx, India Surgery Papillomata, India Surgery Hospitals Of Oropharyngeal Cancer Treatment, India Surgery Pharingeal, India Surgery Cancer Symptoms, India Surgery Pharyngeal Cancer, India Surgery Oral Cancer, India Surgery Mouth Cancer Information, India Surgery Papilloma, India Surgery Papillomas, India Surgery Pharyngeal Cancer